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Liquid Contacting
Liquid contacting is the use of membrane modules for the transfer of gases to and from liquids. PermSelect® membranes are dense, without pores to clog, and do not leak (or "wet") as porous membranes can. This Setup Guide illustrates how to arrange the membrane module for liquid contacting applications.

• Degassing liquids
  • O2 removal from water
  • CO2 removal from water
  • degassing low surface tension liquids
  • degassing transformer oil
  • degassing ultrapure water
  • degassing ink
• Adding gases to liquids and vapors to gases
  • Nitrogenation
  • Oxygenation
  • Carbonation
  • Media conditioning in cell culture bioreactors
  • Moisturizing gases/air (gas/air humidification)
  • Blood oxygenation
    

Pervaporation
Pervaporation is a membrane separation process that typically uses a vacuum to facilitate the transfer of a vaporizing compound through the PermSelect® membrane. It is most often used to separate liquids that have similar boiling points but different rates of transfer through the membrane material.

• Solvent dehydration
• Dewatering liquids and oils

Gas Separation
Gas separation is accomplished by a PermSelect® membrane due to the differences among gases in their ability to permeate through the silicone membrane (not based on their molecular sizes). The driving force of the gas transfer is the gas partial pressure differential across the membrane.

• CO2 capture
• VOC removal
• Air/gas dehumidification (gas dehydration)
• Nitrogen enrichment
• Oxygen enrichment